托福阅读复习中，指代题目一些好用的方法，针对大伙儿的答题而言，有非常大的协助。可是关键是日常的训炼中，我们要娴熟的把握这种方法，那样才可以在考試中，真实的輔助大家解题。下边我为大伙儿梳理了详尽的內容，供大伙儿参照!

一 、难题方式被考的文章内容中有一个词或短语被增亮，这个词一般 是一个代词或专有名词。代指题的方式以下： The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to
二、 答题流程
1.依据解题明确回答
2.带入全文认证，看词义、逻辑性和英语的语法上是不是畅达
三、基本准则
1.就近原则代指说白了就近原则代指，便是被代指目标一般 在指代词前附近，如本句或上一句中。有时候也出現在更前边的一句中。比如， Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, ns, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem.
The phrase this problem in the passage refers to interference with the flight patterns of migrating birds in certain areas building ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines meeting the demands of environmentalists who promoterenewable wind energy
题中涉及到的是一个短语this problem.找寻这一短语的代指目标时只需往上检索就可以了。依据就远原则，前一句中的主语the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines能够基本明确为回答。将其带入全文，合乎词义和逻辑性，因而第三个选择项为标准答案。一个选择项和第三个选择项都和this problem距离较远，并且带入时词义和逻辑性上堵塞，因而为影响选择项。 2.数格一致被代指目标一般 与指代词在数(如奇数或复数)和格(主格或宾格)两层面同样。如奇数代词one代指单数名词，复数代词they代指复数名词。
四、关键构思
1.主从复合句中的代指在主从复合句中，第二句的代词主语常常代指一句的专有名词主语。比如， The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. The word they in the passage refers to qualities fins
grooves depressions 在这里一事例中，从句so that they…中的代词主语they代指主句的专有名词主语the fins，因而第二个选择项为标准答案。 假如主从复合句中一个语句(能够是主句，还可以是从句)应用被动语态，包括被动语态的语句中的主语常代指另一句中的宾语。比如，Similarly, a plant or animal cannot squander all its energy on growing a big body if none would be left over for reproduction, for this is the surest way to extinction.
The word none in the passage refers to food plant or animal energy big body 在本例中，if正确引导的从句应用了被动语态，代词主语none代指前边主句中的宾语energy.因而，第三个选择项为标准答案。
2.并排形容词中的代指假如一个句中有两个并排的形容词，第二个形容词的代词宾语常常代指前一个形容词后的专有名词宾语。比如， Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions. The word “that” in line 27 refers to (A)contemporary art (B)opportunity (C)audience (D)distinction 句中有两个并排的形容词recognizing和 taking (into account)，在其中recognizing的宾语是distinction，而taking 的宾语是 that.依据上述方法，that代指distinction.因而，(D)为标准答案。
3.平行结构中的代指 平行结构关键包含some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在这类构造中，平行结构2个一部分的2个代词常常代指同一目标：前一句中的专有名词主语。比如，In Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.
The word others in the passage refers tochambers paintings beasts parades 全文包括平行结构some…others，他们都代指前一句中的专有名词主语beasts，因而第三个选择项为标准答案。

4.所有格的代指 所有格代词常常代指其前边两者之间贴近的专有名词。比如，Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner. The word “their” in line 1 refers to (A)folk (B)nations (C)countries (D)objects 依据所有格代指的解题，their代指前边部位近的专有名词objects，因而(D)为标准答案。
5.代指的接棒状况这一状况就是指被考的代词相匹配前边一个同样的代词，而前边的代词代指更前一句中的专有名词。比如， While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. The word “they” in line 8 refers to (A)North Americans (B)news shows (C)interviews (D)opinions 在这里一事例中，第二句中的代词they(reflect the opinions…)相匹配一句中的they(are not…)，而一个they代指前边从句中的专有名词主语interviews，那麼第二个they也代指interviews，因而(C)为标准答案。
除开上述所说情况以外，别的代指，如定语从句中(of which…, in which…, from which…)的关系代词代指先行词，from there构造中的t here代指前边贴近的地址专有名词等，仅限于篇数，已不详细描述。
之上便是有关“托福阅读代指题剖析”的內容，期待根据所述內容的学习培训，大伙儿针对代指题有更强的了解，在考試中取得相对的成绩。